From the perspective of external communication, the AV needs to clearly communicate its intent to other HRU to achieve safe and comfortable interactions in mixed traffic encounters. Several experimental studies have investigated the potential of the dHMI for external communication during pedestrian road crossings and lane changing and merging. During lulu lemon tulsa pedestrian road crossing, vehicle movement provides sufficient information for pedestrians to decide whether it is save to cross . Furthermore, different motion design parameters and their combination (e.g., speed, onset of deceleration, and deceleration rate) affect the time HRU need to recognize the AV’s intent to yield and their gap acceptance .
Moreover, the addressees of the AV’s communication belonging to the dynamic elements supplement the influencing factors. The fifth interrelation between the HMI types concerns the chronological coordination of the five HMIs, as well as the time slots in which the HMI types have the capability to communicate to the passenger or to surrounding HRU. Since almost no research has been done analyzing the temporal coordination of internal and external communication as well as the coordination of dHMI and eHMI, there are still plenty of research gaps in the future.
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The dynamic elements in the scenario are all attributes that are not static but change over time, and thus affect the AV’s interaction strategy. This includes both high-dynamic elements that change their location within seconds and low-dynamic elements that change their location within minutes to hours. Figure 3 shows the enrichment of the static infrastructure with dynamic elements. In particular, the surrounding HRU such as pedestrians, cyclists, or drivers of conventional cars and the AV itself including the driving strategy and individual maneuvers of the aforementioned HRU belong to the high-dynamic elements.
Indeed, Basu et al. have shown that passengers prefer a more defensive driving style than when they are themselves in control of the vehicle. Finally, other works could be interested in the interaction modalities to be considered for the communication of information to the passenger-drivers so that they feel more secure (Bengler et al., 2020). The static influencing factors in this example include a two-lane road, a bike lane, and a zebra crossing. The traffic signs provide further information about the prevailing traffic rules. Ackermann, C.; Beggiato, M.; Bluhm, L.-F.; Krems, J. Vehicle movements as implicit communication signal between pedestrians and automated vehicles.
The screen and pushbuttons allow you to operate the machine to dispense a certain amount of money, or to deposit money. Maybe you have never heard of an HMI, but I’ll bet you encounter them pretty regularly. We can provide the expertise to develop a OPC server for your proprietary data source.
